You probably don't need to see your health care provider about infertility unless you have been trying regularly to get pregnant for at least one year.

Women should talk with a care provider earlier, if they:

Are age 35 or older and have been trying to conceive for six months or longer

• Are over age 40

• Have irregular or absent periods

• Have very painful periods

• Have known fertility problems

• Have been diagnosed with endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease

• Have had multiple miscarriages

• Have undergone treatment for cancer

Men should talk to a health care provider if they have:

• A low sperm count or other problems with sperm

• A history of testicular, prostate or sexual problems

• Undergone treatment for cancer

• Small testicles or swelling in the scrotum

• Others in your family with infertility problems

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Causes of male infertility:

• Abnormal sperm production or function

• Problems with the delivery of sperm

• Overexposure to certain environmental factors

• Damage related to cancer and its treatment

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Causes of female infertility:

• Ovulation disorders

• Uterine or cervical abnormalities

• Fallopian tube damage or blockage

• Endometriosis

• Primary ovarian insufficiency (early menopause),

• Pelvic adhesions, 

• Cancer and its treatment.